1. What is birth ?
The birth is called assuming the new body abandoning the previous one.
2. What are the kinds of birth ?
Birth is of three kinds -
- Sammaarmurchhan janam ,-1,e, Spontaneous birth - Spontaneous birth is formation of limbs of the body by accepting matters adequate to the respective body from the surrounding atmosphere, for example, just as the magnet draws / accepts its suitable particles of iron.
- Garabh janam -, i.e.,Uterine Birth - The union of semen and menstrual discharge-an ovum in the mother's womb, is foetus or conceiving by mother after sex-act, is pregnancy or foetus and taking birth from this method, is called birth from uterus or uterine birth.
- Uppad janam , -i.e., Instantaneous birth ,i.e. birth in the special bed - Upapad is the particular name of the seat of birth of celestial and infernal beings and taking birth by them in this sea,t is called 'Upapada birth', i.e. Birth in the special bed or instantaneous birth.
3. How many kinds is the birth from uterus ?
There are three kinds of birth from the uterus -
- Jarayaja (Placenta) - The membrance enveloping a foetus, which is composed of flesh and blood at the time of birth, is called Jarayu' and who take birth from Jarayu', are called 'Jarayuja', for example - cow, buffalo, human beings, she-goat ,etc..
- Andaja (from an egg) - The covering, which is composed of white shell and blood, which is hard like the skin of nail and which is globular or oval in shape, is called egg and who take birth from eggs, are called 'Andaja', for example pigeon, birds, lizard and snake ,etc..
- Pota (A type of foetus birth) - The beings who begin to move about from the moment of their birth and there is no covering on them, are called 'Pota', for example deer, lion ,etc..
Note - In 'Jarayuja' the birth takes place in a cover (membrane) of flesh, in incubatory (Andaja) the birth takes place in the egg and then comes out but in un-umbilical (Pota) there is no membrane or cover, that is why it is not called 'Potaja', it is called only 'Pota'.
4. Describe kinds of beings along with their kinds of birth?
(1) Celestial beings & infernal beings - 'Upapada' birth (birth in special bed)
(2) Human being & animals - Birth from uterus and spontaneous birth.
(3) 1,2,3, and 4 sensed beings - Spontaneous birth.
(4) Absolute non-developable human beings and Tiryanchas (animal) - Spontaneous birth
5. What is the 'Yoni'?
Where Jeeva goes and take birth, is 'Yoni', i.e. female genital organ.
6. What is the difference between 'Yoni' (birth-place) and birth ?
'Yoni' (Nucleus birth-place).is base (Adhar) while the birth is Aadheya ,i.e. who takes the support of 'base' (Aadhar)., i.e. the Yoni is container & the birth contained.
7. What are the principal kinds of Yoni (nucleus)?
Fundamentally the Yoni is of two types - Guna Yoni (basic place of birth-reg. body-form) and Aakar Yoni (three types of shape of female Yoni (nucleus, i.e. female genetic organs). The fundamental kinds of Guna Yoni are 9 and secondary kinds are 84 lakh.
The nine kinds of Guna Yoni are as follows -
8. How many kinds are there of Akar Yoni?
There are 3 kinds of Akar Yoni.
1. Shankavrata - The foetus does not retain in this.
2. Koormonnat - The Teerthankara, Chakravarti, Ardha Chakravarti, Baldeva as well as common men take birth in it.
3. Vansha patra - All the remaining Jeeva related with uterine birth, take birth in it.
9. Which Yoni is of which Jeeva ?
The Yoni of celestial and infernal beings is Achitta Yoni ,i.e. consists of non-living matter because the mass of matter substances of the regional place of their birth, is lifeless. The Yoni of uterine-born is Mishra Yoni (mixed Yoni) because the semen and blood in the mothers womb are lifeless which are combined with the soul of the living mother, hence, it is called a mixed birth-place, the Yoni of spontaneously generated are of three kinds. Some take birth from Sacitta Yoni, some from Achitta Yoni while others from Mishra Yoni. Those who have common body generate from living Yoni because they inhabit the common body resiprocally. The rest of the spontantaneous Jeevas are of both the life-less and mixed Yoni. The celestial and infernal beings take rise from both, i.e. hot & cold Yoni because some of their places of instantaneous rise are cold and some hot. The Yoni of fire-bodied is hot. Apart from these the rest have all the three kinds of birth places. The Yoni of celestial, infernal beings and of one-sensed beings are covered, those who have maimed senses (deficient-sensed - two to four sensed) have exposed - Yoni and that the uterine born have Mishra Yoni (mixed womb). (Sarvartha Siddhi, 2/32/324)
See table for convenience/ easy approach -
10. Which are 84 lakhs 'Yoni' ?
11. What is Kula (lineage) and how many kinds it is?
The Yoni is also called Jati (class or species) and the kinds of Jati is lineage/family (Kula). The total of lineages is 199.5 lakh crores.
