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Vijay K Jain

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आचार्य श्री विद्यासागर दिगंबर जैन पाठशाला

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  1. Ācārya Vidyāsāgara (1946-2024) has undoubtedly been among the most influential and acclaimed Jaina ascetics during the last quarter of the twentieth century and the first quarter of the twenty-first century. Throughout his entire life, he drank the nectar of dharma and at the end embraced pious death through sallekhanā, strictly as per the Doctrine expounded in the Scripture. His influence through his profound preachings and, more importantly, through his worthy disciple-saints will illumine our universe for centuries. His life was the epitome of the quintessence of reality that the Jaina Doctrine expounds: “The soul is distinct from the matter and the matter is distinct from the soul.” There is an utter distinction — atyantābhāva — between the body and the soul; these two can never, in the three times, acquire the attributes of one another. The body is known through the instrument of the senses and the soul by self-experience. The soul has consciousness (cetanā) and is incorporeal (amūrta) whereas the body has no consciousness and is corporeal (mūrta). In its worldly state, the soul is always accompanied by the body. This perhaps is the cause of confusion about the relationship between the two. After knowing the true nature of the soul and the karmic matter, Ācārya Vidyāsāgara engaged himself in the practice of ridding his soul of the bondage of the karmic shackles. He reckoned that the soul is pure consciousness and all dispositions, auspicious and inauspicious, are alien to it. Further, only the various forms of the karmas have kept his soul confined to and whirling in the mire of the world. When all karmas associated with the soul are annihilated, there is no cause for the soul to wander further in the cycle of worldly existence. At the time of sallekhanā he turned his soul inwards and relinquished all outward concerns, including the responsibilities of his huge congregation. In his next incarnation, Ācārya Vidyāsāgara is destined to enjoy the long-lasting happiness appertaining to the heavenly being of the fourth order as a vaimānika deva. In a subsequent incarnation, he is bound to get freed from all worldly sufferings and attain ineffable bliss appertaining to the state of liberation (nirvāṇa). I make obeisance humble at the Most Worshipful feet of Ācārya Vidyāsāgara. Vijay K. Jain, Dehradun 19 February, 2024
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    Editor and Translator: Vijay K. Jain Language Note: Prakrit, Hindi and English Publisher: Vijay Kumar Jain, 2022 Subjects: Jainism – Doctrines – Early works to 1800 Description: xlii + 310 p. (total 352 p.); 24 x 17 x 2.5 cm ISBN: 978-93-5737-427-9 Format: Book; Hard-bound The canonical text ‘Dravyasamgraha’ is believed to have been composed either by the Most Worshipful Ācārya Nemicandra ‘Siddhānta Cakravartī’ (circa 10th century CE) – the celebrated composer of Texts like Gommatasāra, Labdhisāra, and Trilokasāra – or by his later namesake Muni Nemicandra ‘Siddāntideva’ (circa the end of 11th century CE). Ācārya (Muni) Nemicandra’s Dravyasamgraha consists of just 58 verses. In 116 lines of 58 verses, the author has described the six substances (dravya), five with bodily-existence (pañcāstikāya), seven realities (tattva), nine objects (padārtha), and the path to liberation (mokşa), from both the empirical (vyavahāra) as well as the transcendental (niścaya) points-of-view (naya). The treatise ends with a brief description of the five Supreme-beings (pañca-parameşthī) and of meditation (dhyāna). The ‘Explanatory Note’ against each verse comprises excerpts from the most authentic Sacred Jaina Texts.
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    Main Author: Ācārya Kundakunda Divine Blessings: Ācārya Vidyānanda Muni (1st Edition); Ācārya Viśuddhasāgara Muni (2nd Edition) Editor and Translator: Vijay K. Jain Language Note: Prakrit, Hindi and English Publisher: Vijay Kumar Jain, 2022 Subjects: Jainism – Doctrines – Early works to 1800 Description: xlii + 238 p. (total 280 p.); 24 x 17 x 2.5 cm ISBN: 978-93-5680-382-4 Format: Book; Hard-bound Ācārya Kundakunda’s (circa 1st century BCE) ‘Samayasāra’ is among the most profound and sacred expositions in the Jaina religious tradition; it is perhaps the finest spiritual texts that we are able to lay our hands on in the present era. The original text is in Prakrit language and contains a total of 415 verses (gāthā). ‘Samayasāra’ is the exposition of the Pure (śuddha) ‘Self’ or ‘Soul’. It is the exposition, from the transcendental point-of-view (niścaya naya), of the ‘Real Self’ or it is the ‘Essence of the Soul’. The assertions that the soul (jīva) gets bound to the karmic matter (dravya-karma) or that it does not get bound to the karmic matter are made from different points-of-view (naya). But that which transcends all points-of-view is the ultimate truth, the ‘samayasāra’, absolute and pure soul-substance.
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    Editor and Translator: Vijay K. Jain Divine Blessings: Ācārya Viśuddhasāgara Muni Foreword: Dr. Chakravarthi Nainar Devakumar Publisher: Vijay Kumar Jain, June 2022 Subjects: Jainism – Doctrines – Early works to 1800 Jaina Devotions Description: xxxiv + 278 p. (total 312 p.) ; 24 x 17 x 2.5 cm ISBN: 978-93-5627-523-2 Format: Book; Hard-bound Language Note: Sanskrit, Hindi and English Bhakti Saṃgraha or ‘Collection of Devotions’ composed by Ācārya Pūjyapāda (alias Ācārya Devanandī; circa 5th century CE) comprises a set of devotions (bhakti) in form of chaste and melodious Sanskrit hymns. Incidentally, the Most Worshipful Ācārya Kundakunda (circa 1st century BCE) had earlier composed his ‘Daśa Bhakti’ in Prākrit. The reading of devotions (bhakti) is essential to tread the difficult path to liberation. This great work by Ācārya Pūjyapāda is an essential reading for the ascetic (sādhu, muni) as well as the householder (śrāvaka). It not only helps the soul acquire merit (puņya) but, more importantly, saves it from engaging in evil tendencies and pursuits. The devotions pertain, among others, to Lord Jina, the Supreme Beings, the Scripture, the Perfect Conduct, the sacred adobes of attainment of liberation of the Arhanta, and the Nandīśvara dvīpa. This collection includes ‘Śāntyaştaka’ (hymn in praise of the sixteenth Tīrthańkara, Lord Śāntinātha).
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    Taste the sweet nectar of knowledge that equips you with the power of discrimination between what is worth accepting and discarding. This would enable you to lead a purposeful and blissful life, here and hereafter.
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    Main Author: Ācārya Kundakunda Editor and Translator: Vijay K. Jain Divine Blessings: Ācārya Viśuddhasāgara Muni Publisher: Dehradun : Vikalp Printers, December 2021 Subjects: Jainism – Doctrines – Early works to 1800 Jaina Philosophy, Jaina Ethics Description: xxx + 234 p. (264 p.) ; 24 cm x 17 cm ISBN: 9789355661340 Format: Book; Hard-bound Language Note: Prakrit, Hindi and English Bārasa Aņuvekkhā – ‘The Twelve Contemplations’ – of Ācārya Kundakunda (circa 1st century BC) contains 91 verses (gāthā). ‘Aņuvekkhā’, ‘aņupekkhā’, ‘anuprekşā’, and ‘bhāvanā’ are synonyms; these terms are used in Prākrit, Apabhramśa, Sanskrit and Hindi languages, respectively. Contemplation means ‘meditating on the nature of the Reality’. The uniqueness of Ācārya Kundakunda’s exposition is that he has described each contemplation both from the empirical (vyavahāra) as well as the transcendental (niścaya) points-of-view (naya). These contemplations help a man practise moral virtues, like forbearance (kşamā), and lead to highly effective stoppage (samvara) of karmas. He who does contemplation observes properly the moral virtues and also endures the afflictions.
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    For worthy (bhavya) readers: ¤ जिनवाणी ¤ Enjoy the glimpse of sixteen priceless and profound Sacred Jaina Texts composed by the Most Holy Ancient Preceptors including Ācārya Kundakunda, Ācārya Umāsvāmi, Ācārya Samantabhadra, Ācārya Pūjyapāda, Ācārya Amritacandra, Ācārya Nemicandra, Ācārya Guņabhadra and Ācārya Māņikyanandi. Editor and Translator: Vijay K. Jain Āchārya Kundkund’s Samayasāra – with Hindi and English Translation (2012). आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द विरचित "समयसार" Shri Amritchandra Suri’s Puruşārthasiddhyupāya – with Hindi and English Translation (2012). आचार्य अमृतचन्द्र सूरी विरचित "पुरुषार्थसिद्धयुपाय" Ācārya Nemichandra’s Dravyasamgraha – with Authentic Explanatory Notes (2013). आचार्य नेमिचन्द्र विरचित "द्रव्यसंग्रह" Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Istopadeśa – The Golden Discourse (2014). आचार्य पूज्यपाद विरचित "इष्टोपदेश" Ācārya Samantabhadra’s Svayambhūstotra – Adoration of the Twenty-four Tīrthankara (2015). आचार्य समन्तभद्र विरचित "स्वयम्भूस्तोत्र" Ācārya Samantabhadra’s Āptamīmāmsā (Devāgamastotra) – Deep Reflection On The Omniscient Lord (2016). आचार्य समन्तभद्र विरचित "आप्तमीमांसा" Ācārya Samantabhadra’s Ratnakarandaka-śrāvakācāra – The Jewel-casket of Householder’s Conduct (2016). आचार्य समन्तभद्र विरचित "रत्नकरण्डक-श्रावकाचार" Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Samādhitantram – Supreme Meditation (2017). आचार्य पूज्यपाद विरचित "समाधितंत्रम् Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pravacanasāra – Essence of the Doctrine (2018). आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द विरचित "प्रवचनसार" Ācārya Umāsvāmī’s Tattvārthasūtra – With Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi (2018). आचार्य उमास्वामी विरचित "तत्त्वार्थसूत्र" Ācārya Kundakunda’s Niyamasāra – The Essence of Soul-adoration (With Authentic Explanatory Notes) (2019). आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द विरचित "नियमसार" Ācārya Guņabhadra’s Ātmānuśāsana – Precept on the Soul (2019). आचार्य गुणभद्र विरचित "आत्मानुशासन" Ācārya Kundakunda’s Pańcāstikāya-samgraha – With Authentic Explanatory Notes in English (The Jaina Metaphysics) (2020). आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द विरचित "पंचास्तिकाय-संग्रह" आचार्य समन्तभद्र विरचित स्तुतिविद्या (जिनशतक अथवा जिनस्तुतिशतं) – Ācārya Samantabhadra’s Stutividya – In Sanskrit and Hindi (2020). आचार्य समन्तभद्र विरचित युक्त्यनुशासन – Ācārya Samantabhadra’s Yuktyanuśāsana – In Sanskrit and Hindi (2020). Ācārya Māņikyanandi’s Parīkşāmukha Sūtra – Essence of the Jaina Nyāya (2021). आचार्य माणिक्यनन्दि विरचित "परीक्षामुख सूत्र" Ācārya Kundakunda’s Bārasa Aņuvekkhā – The Twelve Contemplations आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द विरचित "बारस अणुवेक्खा" (द्वादश अनुप्रेक्षा, बारह भावना) Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Bhakti Saṃgraha – Collection of Devotions आचार्य पूज्यपाद विरचित भक्ति संग्रह Ācārya Kundakunda’s Samayasāra – with Hindi and English Translation; (Thoroughly Revised Second Edition) आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द विरचित समयसार (आद्योपांत संशोधित द्वितीय संस्करण) Ācārya (Muni) Nemicandra’s Dravyasamgraha – With Authentic Explanatory Notes (Thoroughly Revised Second Edition) आचार्य (मुनि) नेमिचन्द्र विरचित द्रव्यसंग्रह - प्रामाणिक व्याख्या सहित
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    Subjects: Jainism – Doctrines – Early works to 1800 Jaina Philosophy, Jaina Nyāya Description: lviii + 262 p. (320 p.) ; 24 cm x 17 cm ISBN: 9788193272695 Format: Book; Hard-bound Language Note: Sanskrit, Hindi and English About the Book: The science-of-thought (Nyāya) has always been an integral part of the four constituents (anuyoga) – prathamānuyoga, karuņānuyoga, caraņānuyoga, and dravyānuyoga – of the Jaina Scripture. Through Parīkşāmukha Sūtra, Ācārya Māņikyanandi (circa 7th-8th century A.D.) churned the nectar of the science-of-thought (Nyāya) from the ocean of the words of the master-composers like Ācārya Samantabhadra and Bhaţţa Akalańka Deva. The valid-knowledge (pramāņa) ascertains the true nature of objects while the fallacious-knowledge (pramāņābhāsa) does the opposite. Parīkşāmukha Sūtra characterizes, as per the earlier authoritative expositions and in brief, both these (pramāņa and pramāņābhāsa) for the benefit of the uninitiated learners. It is an essential canonical text that every knowledge-seeking householder and ascetic must try to master.
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    Main Author: Ācārya Samantabhadra आचार्य समन्तभद्र Editor: Vijay K. Jain सम्पादकः विजय कुमार जैन Divine Blessings: Ācārya Viśuddhasāgara Muni दिव्याशीषः आचार्य विशुद्धसागर मुनि Publisher: Dehradun : Vikalp Printers, October 2020 Description: xl + 200 = 240 p. ; 23 cm x 16 cm ISBN: 9788193272664 Format: Book; Hard-bound Language Note: Sanskrit and Hindi (संस्कृत एवं हिन्दी) जिनशासन प्रणेता आचार्य समन्तभद्र (लगभग दूसरी शती) ने "युक्त्यनुशासन", जिसका अपरनाम "वीरजिनस्तोत्र" है, में अखिल तत्त्व की समीचीन एवं युक्तियुक्त समीक्षा के द्वारा श्री वीर जिनेन्द्र के निर्मल गुणों की स्तुति की है। युक्तिपूर्वक ही वीर शासन का मण्डन किया गया है और अन्य मतों का खण्डन किया गया है। प्रत्यक्ष (दृष्ट) और आगम (इष्ट) से अविरोधरूप अर्थ का जो अर्थ से प्ररूपण है उसे युक्त्यनुशासन कहते हैं। यहाँ अर्थ का रूप स्थिति (ध्रौव्य), उदय (उत्पाद) और व्यय (नाश) रूप तत्त्व-व्यवस्था को लिए हुए है, क्योंकि वह सत् है। आचार्य समन्तभद्र ने यह भी प्रदर्शित किया है कि किस प्रकार दूसरे सर्वथा एकान्त शासनों में निर्दिष्ट वस्तुतत्त्व प्रमाणबाधित है तथा अपने अस्तित्व को सिद्ध करने में असमर्थ है। आचार्य समन्तभद्र ग्रन्थ के अन्त में घोषणा करते हैं कि इस स्तोत्र का उद्देश्य तो यही है कि जो लोग न्याय-अन्याय को पहचानना चाहते हैं और प्रकृत पदार्थ के गुण-दोषों को जानने की जिनकी इच्छा है, उनके लिए यह "हितोन्वेषण के उपायस्वरूप" सिद्ध हो। श्री वीर जिनेन्द्र का स्याद्वाद शासन ही "सर्वोदय तीर्थ" है।
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    Editor: विजय कुमार जैन Vijay K. Jain Main Author: Ācārya Samantabhadra Other Author: Vijay K. Jain Divine Blessings: Ācārya Viśuddhasāgara Muni Publisher: Dehradun : Vikalp Printers, October 2020 Subjects: Jainism – Doctrines – Early works to 1800 Jaina Philosophy – Early works to 1800 Description: L + 222 p. ; 23 cm x 16 cm ISBN: 9788193272671 Format: Book; Hard-bound Language Note: Sanskrit and Hindi About the Book: जिनशासन प्रणेता आचार्य समन्तभद्र (लगभग दूसरी शती) ने इस ग्रंथ "स्तुतिविद्या" में, जिसका अपरनाम "जिनशतक" अथवा "जिनस्तुतिशतं" है, अत्यंत अलंकृत भाषा में चतुर्विंशतिस्तव किया है। यह गूढ़ ग्रंथ आचार्य समन्तभद्र के अपूर्व काव्य-कौशल, अद्भुत व्याकरण-पांडित्य और अद्वितीय शब्दाधिपत्य को सूचित करता है। जिनेन्द्र भगवान की स्तुति करने का कारण यही है कि उनके द्वारा प्रतिपादित मोक्षमार्ग की अमोघता और उससे अभिमत फल की सिद्धि को देखकर उसके प्रति हमारा अनुराग (भक्तिभाव) उत्तरोत्तर बढ़े जिससे हम भी उसी मार्ग की आराधना-साधना करते हुए कर्म-शत्रुओं को जीतने में समर्थ हो सकें और निःश्रेयस (मोक्ष) पद को प्राप्त कर सकें। सच्ची सविवेक भक्ति ही मार्ग का अनुसरण करने में परम सहायक होती है और जिसकी स्तुति की जाती है उसके मार्ग का अनुसरण करना ही स्तुति को सार्थक करता है। सारांश यह है कि हम जिनेन्द्र भगवान की स्तुति अपने स्वयं के परिणामों को निर्मल बनाने के लिए करते हैं। स्तुति वास्तव में एक विद्या है। सम्यक स्तुति घने-कठोर घातिया-कर्म रूपी ईंधन को भस्म करने वाली समर्थ अग्नि है। ‘Stutividyā’ by Ācārya Samantabhadra (circa second century CE) is the adoration of the twenty-four Tīrthańkara, the Most Worshipful Supreme Beings. In his earlier masterpiece work ‘Svayambhūstotra’, Ācārya Samantabhadra had expressed his devotion to the twenty-four Tīrthańkara in a highly analytical manner, establishing the supremacy and inviolability of their Doctrine. ‘Stutividyā’, however, is the epitome of poetic dexterity; in its 116 verses, Ācārya Samantabhadra has used the most amazing figures-of-speech – alańkāra – that make the composition highly ornate, inviting and, at places, extremely difficult to comprehend. Such adroitness is possible only in the Sanskrit language; perhaps that is the reason some consider Sanskrit as the most scientific language in the world. Stutividya-20-pdf.pdf
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    English Translation: Vijay K. Jain; Editor: Vijay K. Jain Divine Blessings: Ācārya Viśuddhasāgara Muni Main Author: Ācārya Kundakunda Other Author: Vijay K. Jain Publisher: Dehradun : Vikalp Printers, February 2020 Description: lxx + 358 p. ; 24 cm x 17 cm ISBN: 9788193272657 Format: Book; Hard-bound Language Note: Prakrit, Sanskrit, Hindi and English; explanatory notes and prefatory matter in English. Pańcāstikāya-samgraha or Pańcāstikāya-sāra (known briefly as Pańcāstikāya and spelled commonly as Panchastikay) is one of the four most important and popular works of Ācārya Kundakunda (circa first century B.C.), the other three being Samayasāra, Pravacanasāra and Niyamasāra. The original text is in Prakrit language and contains a total of 173 verses (gāthā). Pańcāstikāya means ‘five-substances-with-bodily-existence’ and these are: the soul (jīva), the physical-matter (pudgala), the medium-of-motion (dharma), the medium-of-rest (adharma), and the space (ākāśa). These five substances collectively constitute the universe-space (loka). Outside this universe-space (loka) is the infinite non-universe-space (aloka), comprising just the pure space (ākāśa). The substance-of-time (kāla dravya) which renders assistance to all substances in their continuity of being through gradual changes is not an ‘astikāya’ since it occupies a single space-point and, therefore, does not possess the characteristic of body (kāya). Pańcāstikāya-samgraha expounds the Jaina metaphysics – the philosophy of being and knowing – including the nature of the pure soul-substance (jīvāstikāya) which is integral to the seven realities (tattva), the nine objects (padārtha), and the six substances (dravya). While the substance (dravya) never leaves its essential character of existence (sattā), it undergoes origination (utpāda), destruction (vyaya) and permanence (dhrauvya). There is inseparable association between the qualities (guņa) and the substance (dravya). The discussion relies on the ‘doctrine of conditional predication’ (syādvāda) and the ‘seven-nuance system’ (saptabhańgī), as expounded by Lord Jina.
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    English Translation: Vijay K. Jain; Editor: Vijay K. Jain Divine Blessings: Ācārya 108 Vidyānanda Muni Main Author: Ācārya Guņabhadra Other Author: Vijay K. Jain Foreword: Dr. Chakravarthi Nainar Devakumar Publisher: Dehradun : Vikalp Printers, September 2019 Subjects: Jainism – Doctrines – Early works to 1800 Jaina Philosophy – Early works to 1800 Faith, Knowledge, Conduct, Austerity, Liberation Description: xlvi + 240 p. ; 24 cm x 17 cm ISBN: 9788193272640 Format: Book; Hard-bound Language Note: In Sanskrit; translation in Hindi and English; explanatory notes and prefatory matter in English. About the Book: Ātmānuśāsana (commonly spelled as Atmanushasan) by Ācārya Guņabhadra presents profound concepts of the Jaina Doctrine in a form that is easily understood. Remarkable for its poetry and meaning, it expounds that right faith (samyagdarśana) is the cause of merit, and wrong faith of demerit. To have belief in the true nature of substances is right faith. Dharma is the man’s most excellent possession. The conduct that leads to merit is dharma and it results in happiness after destroying misery. Whether happy or miserable, dharma should be the only pursuit of man. True happiness is not the momentary sprinkling of the pleasures of the senses. Long-life, wealth and sound body are obtained from the previously earned merit (puņya). Under the spell of sinful karmas, the man experiences misery. Excellent men with discrimination work hard, incessantly and cheerfully, for the sake of their future lives. The happiness attained through austerity (tapa) can never be attained by craving for wealth. No dust of disgrace ever touches the feet of the man fortified by austerity. The ascetic goes on to perform austerity while protecting his body, for a very long time. Through the power of austerity he vanquishes his natural enemies, like the passions of anger, etc. In the after-life, he automatically and speedily attains liberation as the culmination of his human effort.
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    English Translation: Vijay K. Jain; Editor: Vijay K. Jain Divine Blessings: Ācārya 108 Vidyānanda Muni; Main Author: Ācārya Kundakunda Other Author: Vijay K. Jain http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n2015230049/ Foreword: Dr. Chakravarthi Nainar Devakumar Publisher: Dehradun : Vikalp Printers, May 2019 Subjects: Jainism – Doctrines – Early works to 1800 Jaina Philosophy – Early works to 1800 Faith, Knowledge, Conduct, Liberation Description: lxiv + 342 p. ; 24 cm x 17 cm ISBN: 9788193272633 Format: Book; Hard-bound Language Note: In Prakrit; translation in Hindi and English; explanatory notes and prefatory matter in English. ‘Niyamasāra’ by Ācārya Kundakunda (circa 1st century BC) is among the finest spiritual texts that we are able to lay our hands on in the present era. The treatise expounds, with authority, the nature of the soul (ātmā) from the real, transcendental point-of-view (niścayanaya). It expounds the essence of the objects of knowledge, and, by the word ‘niyama’, the path to liberation. ‘Niyamasāra’ is the Word of the Omniscient Lord. It has the power to bestow ineffable happiness of liberation that is utterly rid of attachment, without obstruction, eternal, and sense-independent. This happiness is attained by meditating on the perfect-soul-substance which is pristine, and endowed with four qualities of infinite-knowledge, imperishable, indestructible, and indivisible. Worthy men aspiring for supreme happiness who comprehend this Scripture without contradiction of the empirical (vyavahāra) and the transcendental (niścaya) points-of-view are able to adopt conduct that leads their souls to the desired goal. By concentrating on the pure (śuddha) and inseparable (abheda) ‘Three Jewels’ (ratnatraya), eternal happiness appertaining to the perfect-soul-substance is attained.‘Niyamasāra’ discourses right exertion for the soul and its fruit, the supreme liberation.
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    Ācārya Kundakunda’s (circa 1st century BCE) Pravacanasāra is among the most popular Jaina Scriptures that are studied with great reverence by the ascetics as well as the laymen. Consciousness manifests in form of cognition (upayoga) – pure-cognition (śuddhopayoga), auspicious-cognition (śubhopayoga) and inauspicious-cognition (aśubhopayoga). Pure-cognition represents conduct without-attachment (vītarāga cāritra). Perfect knowledge or omniscience (kevalajñāna) is the fruit of pure-cognition (śuddhopayoga). The soul engaged in pure-cognition (śuddhopayoga) enjoys supreme happiness engendered by the soul itself; this happiness is beyond the five senses – atīndriya – unparalleled, infinite, and imperishable. Omniscience (kevalajñāna) is real happiness; there is no difference between knowledge and happiness. Delusion (moha), the contrary and ignorant view of the soul about substances, is the cause of misery. The soul with attachment (rāga) toward the external objects makes bonds with karmas and the soul without attachment toward the external objects frees itself from the bonds of karmas. The stainless soul knows the reality of substances, renounces external and internal attachments (parigraha) and does not indulge in the objects-of-the-senses.
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    Ācārya Umāsvāmī’s (circa 1st century CE) Tattvārthasūtra (spelled commonly as Tattvarthsutra or Tattvarthasutra), also known as Mokşaśāstra, is the most widely read Jaina Scripture. It expounds the Jaina Doctrine, the nature of the Reality, in form of aphorisms (sūtra), in Sanskrit. Brief and to-the-point, Tattvārthasūtra delineates beautifully the essentials of all objects-of-knowledge (jñeya). Sarvārthasiddhi by Ācārya Pūjyapāda (circa 5th century CE) is the first and foremost extant commentary on Tattvārthasūtra. Sarvārthasiddhi is an exposition of the reality – the true nature of substances, soul and non-soul – the knowledge of which equips one to tread the path to liberation, as expounded in Tattvārthasūtra. There is beginningless intermingling of the soul (jīva) and the non-soul (ajīva) karmic matter. Our activities (yoga) are responsible for the influx (āsrava) of the karmic matter into the soul. Actuated by passions (kaşāya) the soul takes in particles of the karmic matter; this is bondage (bandha). Obstructing fresh inflow of the karmic matter into the soul – samvara – and its subsequent separation or falling off from the soul – nirjarā – are two important steps in attaining the infallible, utterly pristine, sense-independent and infinitely blissful state of the soul, called liberation (mokşa).
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